MRI Proof of Breastfeeding Benefiting Babies’ Brains

aylanursingMRI results show the dramatic impact that breastfeeding has on the brain development of babies. A study out of Brown University was able to find actual evidence that by the age of 2, babies exclusively breastfed (for at least three months) babies had greater development in important areas of the brain compared to both children who were fed formula exclusively or who were fed a combination of formula and breast milk.

The areas of the brain that were shown on MRI images to have more pronounced growth were the areas that are associated with emotional function, cognition, and language.

Babies who were given a combination of breast milk and formula had more brain growth in those areas than babies who were fed only formula, just not as much as babies fed only breast milk.

Behavioral studies have come to the same conclusion, but this was the first study that used actual brain scans to come to the conclusions.

The findings are reported in NeuroImage and are available online.

The MRI technique that was used looked at the structure of the tissue that helps different parts of the brain communicate with each other. Myelin is the fatty part that insulates nerve fibers and helps send electric signals through the brain. The amount of myelin in a baby’s brain is increased with breast milk.  The difference was around 20 to 30 percent.

After that, the researchers took their info and used basic cognitive tests to see if there was real life differences that this equated to, but as expected, the cognitive tests found better visual reception, better language abilities, and better motor control in the breastfed babies.

On top of that, the researchers also looked at the length of time the breastfed babies were breastfed. As I’m sure most of you in this community would expect, the longer the babies were breastfed, the more significant the brain growth was.

For more detailed information, see the press release from Brown University.

Holy Smokes! Cradle Cap.

File:Baby With Cradle Cap.jpgCradle cap (infantile or neonatal seborrhoeic dermatitis) has been just a part of our lives since my daughter was around a week old. I never worried too much about it, because  her scalp didn’t itch. Her doctors weren’t concerned about her cradle cap, so neither was I.

When she turned four, and she still had a tiny patch of cradle cap, I began to wonder when it would ever go away. Still, I was counting my lucky stars that the rest of her skin was finally so clear. Even still though, she did have a very mild, small patch of cradle cap. After the first few months as a newborn, her cradle cap wasn’t as thick as the image in this picture, but it was still there.

Yesterday, my children were playing outside while I was gardening. My 7 year old son, decided to play Lion King with his 4 year old sister. They were using some ash and charcoal from our old campfire to mark themselves in some sort of tribal fashion. It didn’t take long though before their playing got a little overboard, and my 4 year old’s scalp was covered with a very thick dense layer of charcoal and ash. Her copper hair was turned to dark grey.

I dreaded having to rinse that out of her hair once I looked at her scalp, because it looked like a facial mask matted into her hair. After a shampoo and dozens of rinses, he scalp was finally free of ash and charcoal. But I was stunned to find it was also suddenly free of the patch of cradle cap. See, I had already tried olive oil and coconut oil for her cradle cap. I had tried washing more and washing much less, having been given different suggestions for how to treat cradle cap.  I had tried zinc oxide to remove the cradle cap, but that was just a mess. We tried a rinse with tea for her cradle cap. I was told lavender oil might get rid of her cradle cap, but that didn’t work either. We tried a soap with vitamin E and even oatmeal baths. The doctor suggested an antifungal in passing, but that also didn’t work. What finally ended up getting rid of her cradle cap was playing Lion King in the yard with a bunch of soot. I’m not sure if it is gone for good, but I will keep you posted.

In the meantime, I was able to locate some infant soaps that contain charcoal that you might be able to try if you are dealing with cradle cap. Ask your doctor, naturopath or medical professional if it might be able to help with your baby’s cradle cap. If you try it, let us know if it works for your little one!

 

Don’t Wash That Baby! Why Many Believe Newborn Baths Should Be Postponed

Newborn baths are essentially standard operating procedure in a hospital delivery. Yet, there’s many significant reasons to postpone that newborn bath. It might seem gross to many Americans. You may be thinking about the white coating, called vernix, and how that should be cleaned off.

Vernix does more than act as a protective barrier from liquids while in the uterus.  It acts as an antioxidant, skin cleanser, moisturizer, temperature regulator, and a natural, safe antimicrobial for the new baby post delivery. Click through the links to find research that points to the tremendous benefits of postponing the newborn infant’s first bath.

Essentially, a newborn is bathed in a hospital, which is the home of the strongest and most drug-resistant microorganisms. This bath washes the natural protective coating from the newborn’s skin. This protective barrier is rich with natural flora, emollients, proteins, and antimicrobials… but we wash it off. In washing it off, we leave the newborn’s skin open to colonization from the hospital’s microorganisms. We allow the skin to dry out, and we in turn, apply manufactured, less adequate moisturizers to compensate. We also, no matter how well we attempt to dry a wet baby off, leave the skin damp at a time when temperature regulation is vital. To compensate, we bundle and cap the baby. This compensation eliminates important skin-to-skin contact that is important in proper flora building and crucial olfactory (scent) bonding.

As if these medical reasons weren’t enough of a case for delaying that first bath, an article in the Lancet suggested that interrupting the initial bonding process with a wash down can cause significant damage to successful breastfeeding. When a baby is placed on a mother directly, after about a twenty minute acclimation period, the infants in their study began to make crawling movements towards the breast. This was followed promptly by the rooting reflex. Before long, most of these infants were breastfeeding. Remarkably (or not so remarkably, perhaps) more infants in the group that were allowed this bonding period demonstrated correct “suckling technique” than than in the group that was separated from their mothers. (24 out of 38 in the contact group, as opposed to only seven out of 34 in the separation group.)

Tell me, is vernix really SO gross looking, that we are willing to wash away something so amazing and interrupt such a crucial period of bonding ?

 

Why Isn’t Delayed Cord Clamping Standard Yet?

Back in 2011, a press release was printed in the BMJ that concluded that delayed cord clamping can protect babies from iron deficiency. When I delivered my first son, I breastfed and I can recall the pediatrician telling me that I may need to give iron supplements because breastfed babies were sometimes iron deficient.  I was told that babies who are given formula have the iron supplemented automatically added to the mixture, so many breastfeeding moms need to supplement. He didn’t give me any specifics, just a warning to keep that in mind.

It really bothered me for some time… trying to rectify in my mind how a baby could be deficient while breastfeeding if the mother herself practiced optimal nutrition and was in good health.  It did finally occur to me on my own that I bet babies became deficient from not letting the cord stop delivering the baby blood before cutting it. I know most of you already know this and most of you also were able to figure it out on your own as well. Logic dictates that.

However, regarding hospital policies, it’s one thing for mothers to consider these things, and it’s another thing for it to be written in a press release in the BMJ. The went so far as to say:

The researchers estimated that, for every 20 babies having delayed clamping, one case of iron deficiency would be prevented, regardless of whether the baby also had anaemia. Furthermore, delayed cord clamping was not associated with any adverse health effects. The authors conclude that delayed cord clamping “should be considered as standard care for full term deliveries after uncomplicated pregnancies.”

So, why then, do mothers delivering in a hospital setting still have to request it? The press release quoted an editorial than an author and pediatrician involved with the original study wrote. The editorial asked, “ How much more evidence is needed to convince obstetricians and midwives that it is worthwhile to wait for three minutes to allow for placental transfusion, even in developed countries?”

Indeed.

Seaweed Instead of Sutures?!

I was amazed when I read the story on Midwifery Today’s website written by two birth professionals. Denise Gilpin-Blake, a licensed midwife and owner of Accouche Waterbirth Centers in Southern California, and Summer Elliott, a registered nurse and student midwife at the time the article was printed, explained { here } how they have integrated using seaweed instead of sutures for tears caused by vaginal delivery.

One of the women authors (presumably Denise, given that she was the licensed midwife at the time) also explains the situation that led her to originally try it. It fell back to a matter of necessity after the mother who had just delivered refused sutures for a second-degree tear. At that birth, which took place in 1986, she recalled a time when she had studied with a shaman on an Indian reservation. The shaman used seaweed to heal burns and deep lacerations. The new mother agreed to try that treatment and the next day the midwife was stunned at the healing that had taken place. Since that birth, she integrated it as an alternative to sutures regularly in her practice.

While a simple Google search of using seaweed for wound care will make light of this practice and call it just short of poppycock. I couldn’t help but notice a wound care dressing by Johnson and Johnson is a polysaccharide dressing derived from seaweed which at a price of around $20-$30 per 4 inch square. The indications for its use is to put it directly on the wound, and then to cover it to avoid it drying out. It apparently can also stop bleeding and creates an air tight water tight gel when it comes into contact with fluids from the wound.

I’m not suggesting you use seaweed yourself and this isn’t intended to be medical advice. I just thought it was fascinating. Any midwives in our community familiar with this treatment? Any moms ever been treated this way?

Probiotics for Colic

When babies get colic, parents are often told to give simethicone drops. This is a gas reliever. Simethicone is a relatively safe drug that has no known side effects when used as directed unless the infant is allergic, but those little drops come with other ingredients too.

Mylicon drops also contain:  anhydrous citric acid, benzoic acid, flavors, glycerides (C14-18, mono- and di-), maltitol, methylcellulose, microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethylcellulose sodium, polyoxyl 40 stearate, polysorbate 65, purified water, silica gel, sodium benzoate, sodium citrate, xanthan gum.

That’s a whole lot of stuff I wouldn’t want my infant’s new gut to be exposed to.  Thankfully, there is an even more effective alternative.

An article published in the medical journal Pediatrics in 2007  showed that a far more effective way to treat infant colic is with probiotics. The strain they used to test their theory was Lactobacillus reuteri. After almost a month of treatment with either the probiotic or the drops, they compared which group had the least amount of colic reported. 95% of the probiotic group had responded to treatment, whereas only 7% of the simethicone group was better.

That’s a pretty big difference in results, especially considering all of the “extras” that are in the simethicone drops on the market today. No adverse reactions were reported with either group.

 

To learn more or to find a suitable Lactobacillus reuteri product for infants click here.

 

 

 

Circumcision: The doctor told me he wouldn’t feel a thing.

When my obstetrician was trying to convince me to circumcise my son, he told me that he wouldn’t feel a thing.  He told me that they numbed the area and it would be a pain-free experience. I wasn’t there, so I don’t know how pain-free my own son’s circumcision was. Yet, I was there before and after his circumcision. What I hadn’t considered was the pain that he would feel as a result of his circumcision. I hadn’t considered the aftermath.

Here is a photo of me holding my son before his circumcision:

COMPARINGHANDS

He was alert and calm. He was very relaxed and content. He would look at people’s faces. Even though he had been given the antibiotic goop in his eyes, he was still very visual and communicative that entire first day, when he wasn’t sleeping… Even with other people. Here is a photo of my dad holding him during that first day prior to his surgery. My son was watching my dad intently:

Copy of LEARNINGGRAMMPASFACE

 

Copy of LISTENINGTOGRAMMPA

 

The Aftermath

After his circumcision, he withdrew and was harder to please right away. His brows were furrowed almost always in that first week. I remember asking him several times at the end of our hospital stay, “Why so cranky Baby?” I hadn’t even considered it was from his circumcision at that time. I was a new mom and knew almost nothing.

Here he is being held by his aunt at the end of his hospital stay:

WITHAUNTBECCA

 

He was sleeping. Maybe he was having a bad dream. Maybe his aunt was holding him strange. Maybe.

Here he is with me. I remember people asking him, “Why so serious, little one?”:

Copy of mom_with_noah_top_ready_to_print

 

Same baby, same mother… one day later.  After his circumcision, he just maintained the concerned look, with furrowed brows, even while he slept. It could have been pain from where they drew blood. Maybe.

So, for the week that followed I changed his diaper while he screamed the whole time. His little penis was red and tinges of blood would get on his diaper, even though I was putting petroleum jelly on it just like they said to. It wasn’t a little red. It was an angry red. And still I wondered why he was so upset. I remember telling him, “Mama has to change your diaper, honey.” As though what bothered him was not being wrapped up tightly.  Maybe it was that. Maybe.

WITHAUNTANNIE

Then the Adhesions

No sooner did I get to exhale from the stress of cleaning and treating a circumcision wound being over, my son developed an adhesion. This is where the skin that is near the glans tries to reattach while it heals. The “fix” for an adhesion? The pediatrician pulled back the skin on the shaft of my son’s infant penis and forcefully pulled it apart. Screaming ensued, as you can imagine. Then, I was back to adding petroleum jelly to the diaper routine, and he was back to feeling pain on his penis. A couple months later, another adhesion was found on the other side of the shaft. Again, my son was put through excruciating pain and had to endure the discomfort of trying to heal. I was told if I had left the adhesions, his erections would cause him pain. I was also informed that adhesions are pretty common.

He Still Isn’t “Not Feeling a Thing.”

To this day, my son who is almost a teenager now, is still proving my old obstetrician wrong. He has asked me to get him a particular kind of underwear because his “completely normal” scar tissue causes discomfort. Sometimes, according to him, it even hurts. And the thing is, all of this discomfort and pain was pointless.

I was informed that my son would not feel a thing.

That might be one of the biggest lies I have ever fallen for.
.

 

 

Study Indicates Pregnant Women Should Avoid Sleeping on Their Backs to Lessen Stillbirth Risks

Potential Trigger Warning: Though it is from a clinical stance, this post will discuss the topic of stillbirth.

 

supine2I was told during pregnancy that I should not sleep on my back. If you have been or currently are pregnant, you probably have been told to try to sleep on your left side for optimal development of your baby and to avoid cramping during pregnancy too.

A research team led by a University of Michigan researcher feels that it should be more than a mere suggestion. It seems that avoiding uterine compression on the vena cava may be even more important than we thought.

The research team’s study, which was published last month in International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetricssays that there is a good possibility that supine sleeping (sleeping on your back) plays a roll in low birth weight, reduced blood flow, reduced cardiac output, and risks for stillbirth.

Louise O’Brien, Ph.D., M.S., an associate professor and co-author of the paper  told Science Daily, “The data in this study suggests that more than one-quarter of stillbirths might be avoided by altering maternal sleep position.”

According to Scientific American, “About one in every 160 pregnancies in the U.S. ends in a stillbirth, which adds up to about 26,000 each year nationwide.”  At close to one half of a percent, those aren’t high odds at all of course, and plenty of those are caused by genetic defects or other issues. But if O’Brien’s team is correct, it could be possible to lower that rate even more to potentially 1 in 640 instead!  That’s more like one fifth of one percent… And I think those odds might make all pregnant women sleep a little more soundly. ;)

P.S. As a side note,  if this position reduces uterine blood flow to this degree, consider the implications of women birthing in this position and the reduced uterine strength?

Why a blood test to check your Vitamin D levels during pregnancy might be a good idea.

vitamin d in pregnancyPregnant? Think your vitamin D levels are fine? It wouldn’t hurt to get a blood test…

Dr. Joyce Lee and a team of researchers at the University of Michigan studied 40 pregnant women. The majority of them were taking their prenatal vitamins.  One would assume they would have all their major nutritional needs addressed right? Of those 40 women, only two of them had optimal blood levels of greater than 50ng/mL. 37 out of the forty woman had levels below 40 ng/mL and the majority of all of the women had significantly low levels that were below 20 ng/mL. More than a quarter of the women in the study had frightening vitamin D levels that were below 10 ng/mL!!!

40 women isn’t that many though, so we could dismiss it. Maybe it was winter in Michigan. But Dr. Lisa Bodnar and her team at the University of Pittsburg had a study group of 400 pregnant women. Granted, Pennsylvania is still fairly north and vitamin D is naturally obtained from the sun, but 63% of those 400 women had levels below 30 ng/mL! Prenatal vitamins did almost nothing to protect those women either.

It’s important to consider that prenatal vitamins are sorely lacking in adequate amounts of the right kind of vitamin D.

When a woman’s levels are too low, she risks:

  • A higher likelihood of having a C-section- Women with levels below 15 ng/mL were four times more likely to have a c-section in a Boston study.
  • A greater chance of getting bacterial vaginosis- Pregnant women with low levels were almost twice as likely to experience Bacterial vaginosis. (Consequences of that spiral once antibiotics are used as a treatment.)
  • A higher  chance of experiencing pre-eclampsia- Women with levels below 15 ng/mL were five times more likely to experience pre-eclampsia.
  • A greater likelihood of suffering from gestational diabetes- Women with low levels were almost three times more likely to develop gestational diabetes.

That’s just pregnancy risks. The risks to a child born of a mother who was deficient are enormous. A complete breakdown can be found at www.vitamindcouncil.org.

 

SOURCE: http://vitamindcouncil.org/news-archive/2009/pregnancy-and-gestational-vitamin-d-deficiency/

Click here to read more posts from Everything Birth about the importance of Vitamin D.

Probiotics and Brain Activity.

A new paper was published that the showed the effect of fermented milk with probiotics on brain activity.  It validates what many of us in the Everything Birth and “crunchy parenting” community already felt to be true. Changes in gut flora in turn change emotional behavior and brain functioning.

In this study, “healthy” women were given fermented milk products with probiotics for four weeks. The goal was to see if changes in the gut could affect brain connectivity or responses to emotional tasks. Keep in mind, these women had no gastrointestinal symptoms and no psychiatric symptoms. They used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to measure brain response.

Four weeks after these healthy women ingested the probiotic mixture, the results demonstrated a difference in brain functioning related to processing emotions and sensations. The fermented milk product contained:

  • Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. Lactis
  • Streptococcus thermophiles
  • Lactobacillus bulgaricus
  • Lactococcus lactis subsp. Lactis.

Another study showed that certain probiotics given over 30 days reduced  depression, self-blame, anger, and hostility. It also resulted in the volunteers being more capable of focusing on problem solving. This study used:

  • Lactobacillus helveticus 
  • Bifidobacterium longum

The reason this matters so much to our community is two parted.  Not only can adequate probiotic use and healthy gut flora improve our own emotions and  un-scatter our “mama brains,” but the flora within our birth canals will be the flora that our babies are first given. Pregnant women can potentially give their babies a head start on emotional processing and brain functioning by making sure that they are getting enough probiotics while they are preparing to welcome their little ones. We’ve known about prenatal vitamins for decades now, isn’t it about time we consider prenatal probiotics to be crucial too?